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Thales -624 - -546 (78)

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Thales of Miletus (624 – 546 BC) was an Ancient Greek, pre-Socratic philosopher , mathematician, physicist, astronomer , engineer, meteorologist and founder of the Milesian school of natural philosophy , the first of the seven sages of antiquity. Many regard him as the first philosopher in the Greek tradition. According to Bertrand Russell: "Western philosophy begins with Thales". He attempted to explain natural phenomena without reference to mythology and was tremendously influential in this respect. Almost all of the other Pre-Socratic philosophers follow him in attempting to provide an explanation of ultimate substance, change, and the existence of the world without reference to mythology. Those philosophers were also influential and eventually Thales' rejection of mythological explanations became an essential idea for the scientific revolution. He was also the first to define general principles and set forth hypotheses, as a result has been dubbed the "Father of Science", though it is argued that Democritus is actually more deserving of this title.
GEOMETRY
Thales was a great geometrician, won the admiration even of the Egyptians by measuring the height of the pyramid, based on the length of the shadow. Well known is the Theorem of Thales and five more geometric proofs proposals.
PHYSICS
He found the solstices, that moon is eterofotous, electricity and magnetism, the attractive properties of the mineral magnetite and amber.
COSMOLOGY
He was the first who tried to explain natural phenomena based on natural processes. Typical was the attempt to explain the phenomenon of earthquakes . He thought that the beginning of all things is water.
THEOLOGY
He believed that the world is full of gods and that the soul is something kinetic, the world is alive and animate, as evidenced by its mobility.